The Clevelands had five children in all. In his first term, Cleveland also presided over the dedication of the Statue of Liberty, and saw Geronimo surrender, thus ending the Apache wars. In general, he was not in favor of imperialistic moves and even declared a war on London when a boundary dispute arose between Britain and Venezuela. This revived use of the Monroe Doctrine, which had languished. He was also against subsidies and special interests, which is how his record-breaking use of the veto came about.
Cleveland believed that hardship built character. His hard line lost him the support of his party. The children were all away at the family country home in New Hampshire, but his wife Frances was at his bedside.
Cleveland had been ill since the previous autumn, suffering from a weak heart and other ailments. He was the only president to deliver his inaugural addresses without notes up to that point.
We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn't look right, contact us! Subscribe to the Biography newsletter to receive stories about the people who shaped our world and the stories that shaped their lives. Unemployment rose to 19 percent, and a series of strikes crippled the coal and transportation industries in The American economy did not recover until , when the Klondike gold rush in the Yukon touched off a decade of rapid growth.
Cleveland was inconsistent in his social views. On the one hand, he opposed discrimination against Chinese immigrants in the West. On the other hand, he did not support equality for African Americans or voting rights for women, and he thought Native Americans should assimilate into mainstream society as quickly as possible rather than preserve their own cultures.
He also became unpopular with organized labor when he used federal troops to crush the Pullman railroad strike in Cleveland was an honest and hard-working president but he is criticized for being unimaginative and having no overarching vision for American society. Opposed to using legislation to bring about social change, he is best known for strengthening the executive branch of the federal government in relation to Congress.
By the fall of , Cleveland had become unpopular with some factions in his own party. Other Democrats, however, wanted him to run for a third term, as there was no term limit for presidents at that time.
Cleveland declined, and former U. Representative William Jennings Bryan of Nebraska won the nomination. After leaving the White House in , Cleveland retired to his home in Princeton, New Jersey, and served as a trustee of Princeton University from until his death.
He refused overtures from his party to run again for the presidency in His health began to fail rapidly at the end of and he died of a heart attack at the age of 71 on June 24, Start your free trial today.
But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. Frances Cleveland was the wife of Grover Cleveland, the 22nd and 24th president of the United States.
Just 21 years old when she became first lady, Frances Cleveland holds a number of distinctions in presidential history: She was the youngest first lady in American Chester Arthur , the 21st U.
As president from to , Arthur advocated for civil service reform. A Vermont native, he became active in Republican politics in the s as a New While his support for protective tariffs led to rising prices for consumers and arguably paved Rutherford B. Hayes , the 19th president of the United States, won a controversial and fiercely disputed election against Samuel Tilden.
He withdrew troops from the Reconstruction states in order to restore local control and good will, a decision that many perceived William McKinley served in the U. Congress and as governor of Ohio before running for the presidency in As a longtime champion of protective tariffs, the Republican McKinley ran on a platform of promoting American prosperity and won a landslide victory over Democrat In he won the popular vote but lost re-election in the electoral college to Benjamin Harrison R.
In , the passage of the McKinley Tariff and the Sherman Silver Purchase Act under Harrison compelled Cleveland to once again speak out against protectionism and in favor of sound money [8] He campaigned a third time on these principles and became the first President to serve two non-consecutive terms by winning electoral votes in the election. Cleveland's second term was marked by acute economic depression and the Panic of Rather than bailing out individual businesses and sectors, he focused directly on the crisis in the Treasury.
Morgan and Wall Street, maintained the Treasury's gold reserves. His refusal to budge on his economic principles was unpopular in the Democratic Party, and William Jennings Bryan D was nominated in the election on a free silver platform.
Cleveland was married to Frances Folsom Cleveland from until his death, caused by a heart attack, in They had five children, including "Baby" Ruth Cleveland, the first child born to the wife of a sitting U. In , Cleveland defeated James G. Blaine R in the general election for the United States presidency. Every year in office, the president of the United States addresses Congress on the present state of affairs as well as the administration's goals for the coming year.
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